Showing posts with label Wildlife. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Wildlife. Show all posts

Tuesday, July 17, 2012

Spotted: Snow Bunting - an Artic visitor!

A beautiful Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis) in breeding plumage.

I was shutting the front gate after a walk to the tidepools with my boys when I saw a blur of white and black. The bird darted past me within a few feet of my head... long enough for my brain to take a mental snapshot of its feather pattern. I had not ever seen a bird like this. I quickly went inside before the image faded from my memory and flipped through the bird identification book I had checked out from the library. There it was. A Snow Bunting. Plectrophenax nivalis. In breeding plumage. Resident of the Artic Circle!

Snow Bunting Distribution

After a bit of research, I found that Snow Buntings visit the Azores on a pretty rare frequency, but they have been recorded here every month of the year. They Winter in warmer climates, and then they head back to the Artic Circle to breed in late Winter to Early Spring. This guy must have been trying to avoid the cold since it is already Summer here now, and he has quite a ways to go.

Male Snow Bunting in Winter.

Snow Buntings may be common where you are from, but for me, this was my first sighting. Being such a bird-nerd, I still get really excited about first spottings. I hope I never lose that.

Thursday, July 12, 2012

Spotted: European Goldfinch - Flying Jewels

Male European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis)


As I have readily admitted in the past that I am a bird-nerd, I will also admit that I stopped my car on the road and put on my flashing hazard lights when I spotted this guy in the grass hopping around with some sparrows. This is another bird that may be common where you are (if you live in Europe or the UK), but it was a first spotting for me. These are beautiful birds that I have previously only seen in photos. I was pretty stoked!

European Goldfinch in flight


Wednesday, July 11, 2012

A Weasel in My Garden!

The Least Weasel (Mustela nivalis)... resident of my garden

During our first week at our new home, I saw this little blur of brown and white fur run out of the garden, spin in a circle, and run right back in. It was too sleek to be a rat, so I asked one of the locals about it. He was standing with two other men, and he was the only one who spoke English, a little. I described what I saw, and he translated to the other two men. The one in the back held up his hands just under a foot (30 cm) apart and raised his eyebrows in question. Yeah, that was about the size of it, I nodded.

"Ah, niñito," he said nodding.
"Ah, niñito, yes," the other two men assuredly nodded as well.

That name seemed a bit familiar. About 10 minutes later, I was rolling my eyes after reading the google definition: Diminutive of niño small child.

This is obviously the local name for the animal. Not helpful.

A little more looking, and I discovered the animal was likely the Least Weasel. It is the smallest member of the Weasel Family (Mustelidae) as well as the smallest member of the Carnivore Order (Carnivora). It is found throughout Europe and on islands in the Atlantic (including ours in the Azores!), the Mediterranean, and Japan. It feeds mostly on rodents, and it can kill and carry an animal up to 10 times its own weight!

Then a few weeks later (a couple of days ago), right at dusk, I was standing on the porch overlooking the garden, when I saw a little furry critter slowly creep out from under the large clump of aloe plants. This clump is about ten feet (3 meters) long by four feet (1.2 meters) wide. He (or she) stepped out, walked around for about 20 seconds, and then scampered back under the aloe. Definitely a Least Weasel. Almost cute.

My first thought when I saw him come out was, "Oh great, these things can kill birds. I want to get some chickens." I wondered if I was going to have to "get rid" of the weasel somehow. But I almost immediately thought of the story of the Bullock brothers.

These three brothers had decided to start a Permaculture project on one of the islands off the coast of northwestern Washington state. They had worked for a few years to restore the flora at the water's edge including planting some "wild" foods that they also enjoyed eating, like cattails. They had a good harvest for a year, and then they noticed that most of their cattails were being raided. They eventually realized it was muskrats. As they had started to restore the land, the animals were coming back, and they were eating some of the brothers' harvest. Instead of trapping them or killing them, they decided to let nature be. For a few years, they continued to lose their cattail harvest. Then one year it seemed that the muskrats were gone. It turned out that now, thanks to a healthy muskrat population, the otters and eagles had moved back to the area, and they were feeding on the muskrats. The brothers were able to harvest some cattails again, but they shared some with the muskrats as well, and a more complex and stable food web and ecosystem was restored.

I have done something similar in the past (see my article: Hold the chemicals... see what happens!), but it was on a much, much smaller scale. However, the priciple is the same.

So, we will see what happens.

The other logical way to look at it is this... If the Least Weasel in my garden eats mice and rats and other rodents, and I have seen mice and rats in my neighborhood and in my neighbors backyard, but I have not seen any of these pests in my house or yard, then this guy is doing me a service. I will not only let him be, but I will welcome his stay.

Now we have a weasel as a neighbor.

 

Tuesday, July 3, 2012

Mystery Solved... What is that noise outside my window every night?



The noise originates out here somewhere...

Almost every night since we moved to the Azores, I have heard a bizzarre sound coming from the undeveloped land near our home. It occurs about an hour after nightfall. It goes on and on for a few hours and then dies down in the middle of the night. The sound is too hard to explain. I thought maybe it was a strange frog making the noise, but it didn't sound like any frog I had ever heard. One of my neighbors who just moved in as well thought it was someone playing with DJ equiment.

Finally, another neighboor got the bright idea of just asking the locals about it. She lives on the other corner of the undeveloped land and hears them every night as well. The locals immediately knew what she was asking about, and they said it was the Cagarro (ka-GAR-oh). I had never heard that name before, so I did a quick google search. To us English speakers, the Cagarro is known as the Cory's Shearwater. It was a bird!

The Azorean Cagarro... a.k.a. Cory's Shearwater

The Shearwaters are medium-sized seabirds closely related to petrels and albatrosses. They feed on fish and molluscs and can dive up to 50 feet (15 meters)! They are said to be silent at sea and raucous at night in their breeding colonies, which is apparently what we have right next door. I've tried to find the colony once, but the land is covered with thorny brambles and low growing, dense shrubs... a pretty darn safe place for a breeding colony.

So here is a great video that lets you hear what I hear every night. Imagine drifting off to sleep with this!

The crazy night call of the Cory's Shearwater

Wednesday, May 30, 2012

Saying Goodbye to the Amazing Diversity of Turkey

Isaac and a large, blooming bougainvillea (Bougainvillea species).

After spending the last two years of my life here in Adana, Turkey, it is time to move on. I have enjoyed learning about and growing plants in a Mediterranean climate. This location has an amazing diversity of plants and animals that I will never forget.

Eurasian Siskins (Carduelis spinus) are common here but rarely seen.

White Spectacled Bulbuls (Pycnonotus xanthopygos) are common in these parts.

For those interested, and for my recollection years from now, Adana, Turkey is under 100 miles from the Syrian border. This is considered a Mediterranean Sub-Tropical Temperate Climate. Plant Hardiness Zone 9 (averate annual low temperature is 30-20 degrees F (-1 to -6 C)). AHS Heat Zone 8 (number of days above 86 degrees F (30 C) is 90-120 days). It rarely drops below the 40's F (5 C) in winter and often climbs above 105 F (40 C) in summer. It averages 26 inches (66 cm) of rain here each year with most rain falling in the winter months.

Pomegranates (Punica granatum) in flower.
There is a variety of pomegranate here that has seeds much smaller than the ones found in grocery stores in the U.S.  The fruit is a pale rose color instead of the more common bright red.

Loquats (Eriobotrya japonica), perfectly ripe and so sweet.
These are great to grab and eat on the go while taking a walk.

I took a walk with my four-year-old son today. Within ten minutes, literally, we walked past banana trees with young fruit, pomegranates in flower, a wide variety of citrus (orange, lemon, and grapefruit) all with ripe fruit, a walnut producing large husks, prickly-pear cacti full of unripe fruit, and a half-dozen loquat trees hanging low with branches covered in perfectly ripe fruit... we grabbed a few handfuls and ate these sugary-sweet fruits on our walk, spitting the large seeds in the grass.

Prickly Pear Cactus (Opuntia species).
The fruit is forming under the flowers that have budded off the cladodes (flattened "pads").
Originally from the Americas, it is widely distributed around Turkey.

We saw a single male Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) today.

If we would have walked the other direction, we would have passed persimmon and fig trees just starting to bear, apples, quince, and mulberries dropping thousands of ripe berry-like fruits. In fact, my friend Jake and I took our sons to pick mulberries about a week ago. In just a few minutes of shaking branches over sheets laid on the grass, we had our buckets full.

Jacaranda, from Central/South America, are one of my favorite tropical/sub-topical trees.
The trees here are likely Jacaranda mimosifolia, as they have been widely planted around the world.

The Syrian Woodpecker (Dendrocopos syriacus).
Along with the closely related Middle Spotted Woodpecker (Dendrocopos medius),
these birds are common here in Adana, Turkey.

And that is just the fruit trees within a ten minute walk from our house. Don't forget the dozens of rose bushes, the bougainvillea with their almost-neon-glowing flowers, the beautifully bare trunks and scent of the eucalyptus trees, and the tall jacaranda's with their pale purple-blue, wispy flowers swaying in the breeze.

The Hooded Crows (Corvus cornix), like all crows, are very smart birds.

The Crested Larks (Galerida cristata) are a familiar sight along my running trail.

Then there were the birds... Hooded Crows and House Sparrows all over the place, a few Crested Larks near the open fields, a number of White-Spectacled Bulbuls on low branches and in the grass, a pair of Eurasian Siskins (the male was a brilliant yellow) darting in the shade of the conifers, and a single male Greenfinch sitting proudly on a fence. There was also a quick blur of white, black, and red... either a Syrian Woodpecker or a Middle-Spotted Woodpecker as we have both, and they are difficult to distinguish out of the corner of the eye.

The Oranges (Citrus species) here are quite sour... more in taste of a lemon.

The "heart" of a Banana (Musa species), more acurately an inflorescence (cluster of flowers).
You can see the unripe fruits forming above.

These are the things I will miss about Turkey. Of course the food. Without question the few amazing people I will always call friends. But it has been quite an experience to live in one of the original breadbaskets of the world.

The Eucalyptus trees (Eucalyptus species) are the tallest trees in this area.
I am not sure which species grow here... just never got to researching it.

I came across this Walnut tree, but I am not sure of the species.
I am pretty sure it is a Persian Walnut (Juglans regia).

Wednesday, May 9, 2012

Bird Identification Websites

Scarlet Tanager (Piranga olivacea) is one of my favorite birds of all time (North America).

Just a quick reference for websites I use to help identify birds. These are great tools when you have identified a few characteristics, but you either don't have the references or time to page through a bunch of bird guide books.

The Indigo Bunting (Passerina cyanea) is another of my North American favorites.

For Birds of North America:
WhatBird.com (scroll down to the "attributes" section): http://identify.whatbird.com/mwg/_/0/attrs.aspx

AllAboutBirds.org (from Cornell's Lab of Ornithology):
http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/browse.aspx

The Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris) is sadly still on my bucket list of birds (N. America).


For Birds of the United Kingdom:
RSPB's Bird Identifier (The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds): http://www.rspb.org.uk/wildlife/birdidentifier/form.aspx

For Birds of Europe:
AskSurfBirds: http://www.surfbirds.com/asksurfbirds/askbelgium.html

For Birds in Australia:
BirdsInBackyards.net: http://www.birdsinbackyards.net/finder


The Lilac Breasted Roller (Coracias caudatus) may be my favorite bird in Africa (so far).

For Birds in Africa:
I haven't found a good identification guide yet. If you see one that is similar to the ones above, please let me know.

Friday, October 28, 2011

WHIP: Wildlife Habitat Incentive Program

An Oregon riparian are restored through WHIP.

WHIP (The Wildlife Habitat Incentive Program) is a government program run by NRCS (the National Resource Conservation Service) in the United States.  This program provides money to landowners to help them protect, enhance, and/or develop critical wildlife habitat.  It is completely free money; it is a cost-share program.  Meaning, the landowner needs to invest some, and the organization (i.e. the government) will pay the rest.

WHIP will generally pay 50% to 75% of the cost of approved expenses, and they will generally not pay more than $5,000 per year per landowner.  WHIP will chose who to assist based on the potential environmental benefit.  If your land is identical to the protected national or state park you border, then it is unlikely that you will be selected.  However, if you have, for instance, an area that could be improved to be a wetland habitat for migrating water birds, then you have a good shot.  It just depends.

There is a minimum of a 5-10 year commitment on the landowners part to maintain the agreed upon project.  I believe more funding, or higher percentages, may be available for longer-term commitments. The landowner must also agree to allow WHIP personnel to visit the area to verify the project is being run as agreed.

While this may be too much government interference for some, others may have a plot of land that is not useful to them as is, and WHIP can help transform it into a mini wildlife sanctuary.  If you are interested in learning more, there is a WHIP program in each state.  You will need to search for it under the NRCS, Conservation and Environmental Protection Division.  Just google search "WHIP", "NRCS" and your state, and you should find it easily after that.


Tuesday, October 18, 2011

Permaculture Tips: Bird Feeder Sunflower Seed Catcher


From Organic Gardening “Weekend Garden Projects”


Bird Feeder Sunflower Seed Catcher
From Organic Gardening “Weekend Garden Projects”

A Permaculture Tip is an idea that is derived from observing and interacting with nature.  It is simple.  It is safe.  It is effective.  It helps build a sustainable system of agriculture and life in general.  If you have any Permaculture Tips you would like to share, please let me know.  I will post it here, give you the credit, and post a link to your blog or website if you have one.  Email me here: kitsteiner@hotmail.com

Attracting birds to our yards and gardens is an essential component of non-chemical pest control, it gives birds a reliable supply of food especially in the winter months, and it is just fun to birdwatch.  While we often attract birds with birdbaths and birdfeeders, we are hoping that they will also stick around to dine on some of those insects (bugs, beetles, caterpillars, etc.) that can wreak havoc on our plants.

Now, for those of us with birdfeeders, how often have you seen that one picky bird that knocks dozens of seeds out to get that one seed they are looking for, all others falling to the ground?

In general, I don’t mind this too much.  The seeds that fall to the ground are usually eaten by other birds, doves or jays that are too large to land on the birdfeeder, or squirrels that we can hopefully keep off the birdfeeder as well.  The more birds hanging around, the more secondary pest control.  Also, the more animals, the more manure which is always beneficial. (see my post on free bird manure)

The only problem are the sunflower seeds.  Sunflowers contain a chemical that inhibits the growth of other plants.  The scientific term for this is allelopathy.  Both the seeds and shells can inhibit growth of many plants, grass (lawns) included.

Blue Jays are notorious for knocking out seeds.


We can either use birdseed that have no sunflower seeds in it, or we can build a sunflower seed catcher.
The sunflower seed catcher is a simple solution.  Just hang a dome-shaped squirrel baffle upside down from the bottom of the bird feeder.  Attach an eye screw from the bottom of the birdfeeder.  Attach a S-hook to each end of a wire.  Attach one S-hook to the eye screw and one S-hook to the upside down squirrel baffle.

Birds and squirrels can go into the squirrel baffle and eat the spilled seeds.  When all the seeds are empty, we can simple pour the shells out.  Dump the shells in a place that you don’t mind inhibiting plant growth.  The chemicals will eventually degrade over time.



Friday, October 14, 2011

Moths of the Walnut Tree


The stunning Luna Moth

One of my most vivid memories as a young boy is from a rare family vacation that we took to North Carolina.  My father had rented a cabin in the mountains, and the whole family went for about a week in the late summer/early autumn.  One evening we were out on the porch, and I was amazed and enthralled with the number and variety of moths that were attracted to the floodlight over the door.  There were dozens of different types of moths fluttering around or just resting within the halo of light.  One moth in particular seemed to be the size of a dinner plate and appeared to almost glow with a brilliant, shimmering green.  It was docile and calmly climbed onto my hand.  I was giddy with excitement.  I believe the next day, when we went to town, my father bought me a book on insects.  To be honest, I can't recall if the purchase of this book actually took place on this trip or after we got back to Florida, but I am pretty sure I had the book while we were on the trip.  The ephemeral green creature was identified as a Luna Moth, and it was in reality a bit smaller than a dinner plate.  However, I cannot see a Luna Moth, or really any brightly colored moth in the evening, without fondly remembering that night on a wood porch in North Carolina.

The Luna Moth is a gentle giant.

A younger and older Luna Moth caterpillar 


This post was prompted by the recent article I posted on the Walnut Tree - check it out here.  There are two species of moth that use the Walnut as a primary food source.  One is the aforementioned Luna Moth, and the second is the beautiful Regal Moth.  The Regal Moth caterpillar is a frightening looking creature.  It is, however, completely harmless.  These two amazing animals are ones to watch for if you have Walnut Trees and live in the eastern United States.  Remember Permaculture Principle One tells us to Observe and Interact.  Seeing these animals is part of the fun of observing.

Amazing colors on the Regal Moth


The terrifying, but harmless, Regal Moth caterpillar.

Close up of the Regal Moth